There are tricks that most people feel would benefit fuel economy, but in a modern hybrid, the car is designed to adapt to normal driving styles and be at its most efficient without the driver purposefully doing something to aid it. I also noticed that just driving normally tends to work best, unless you understand the inner workings of the way the hybrid system works.
I'll give you my experience on each of your points as someone with a 2014 CT and almost 250k miles on it from daily driving:
1. Most cars seem to greatly overestimate their MPG calculations. The CT is no different. If you look at my Fuelly.com log (by clicking my signature), you'll see that I post the car's calculated MPG readout in the note on each fill up, and can compare it to the real MPG Fuelly calculated. While I posted the difference myself for the first few hundred fill ups, I stopped doing it, and figured I or anyone else can do it manually for any specific log they happened to look at.
Suffice it to say that I normally observed a difference of 2 to 4 MPG between the readout and reality. I also noticed that after 200k miles or so, the readout is usually within 1 MPG of reality unless I am near 50 MPG, then the estimate starts going towards the 2-3 MPG difference point.
2. Your MPG will vary on a lot of variables, but the biggest factor is your speed and how hard you accelerate. If I drive 60 or 65 MPH on the highway (that is, with much more highway than city), and stick to gentle acceleration and speed on city streets, I will get 45 to 50 MPG. I don't think the EPA test cycle factors in driving above the speed limit, which is what 90% of us do. Going 70 or above will net you much worse MPG.
It's also hard to get good MPG if all you do is city driving, especially short trips. You will be spending a lot of time accelerating, and may not be able to use the regen brakes as much as you'd like. Also the engine will spend some time running harder to warm up initially, and maybe even charge your battery once in a while if you don't get enough regen braking in. All of this will contribute to worse MPG
3. The range estimate is also quite poor, and rarely have I seen a car that gets it right. Some people have suggested that if you drive the same way with the same MPG all the time, the range estimate will eventually adjust. This is not true based on my experience. Due to how I drive, I can usually hit a maximum range of about 570~ miles. I always hit 0 range when I have around 150 miles left to go.
4. The fuel gauge, just like the range estimate, is very conservative. Most manufacturers try to give you a little warning by showing you nearly out of gas early so you can still drive as you look for a gas station. Toyota/Lexus seems to go really far with this and give you a very early warning. My mechanic once told me American cars tend to tell you you're out of gas nearly right on the mark, while Japanese cars will do it much earlier, because Japanese manufacturers noticed American drivers push their gas tanks to the limit before refuelling. And so in an effort not to overload the fuel pump (which in many cars, gasoline is used as a cooling factor for the pump), the low fuel light comes on early so that the fuel pump will last. He told me that he almost never sees replacement fuel pumps for Toyotas/Lexus models. One of the many tricks that help maintain the Japanese car's reputation for reliability.
I can tell you that I have run out of gas once in my CT, and managed to limp to a gas station on battery power alone in EV mode. When I filled up, I got 11.6 gallons in the tank, I believe. In another fill up, I ran the car very close to empty, and was able to fill up 11.8 gallons. Very inconsistent and odd.
All of this seems to be pretty normal for most of us, so you have nothing to worry about. Once you find the difference in MPG in your car from reality, you can reset your Trip meter after a fill up, and use that, plus the MPG estimate, to figure out a much more accurate range estimate.
I'll give you my experience on each of your points as someone with a 2014 CT and almost 250k miles on it from daily driving:
1. Most cars seem to greatly overestimate their MPG calculations. The CT is no different. If you look at my Fuelly.com log (by clicking my signature), you'll see that I post the car's calculated MPG readout in the note on each fill up, and can compare it to the real MPG Fuelly calculated. While I posted the difference myself for the first few hundred fill ups, I stopped doing it, and figured I or anyone else can do it manually for any specific log they happened to look at.
Suffice it to say that I normally observed a difference of 2 to 4 MPG between the readout and reality. I also noticed that after 200k miles or so, the readout is usually within 1 MPG of reality unless I am near 50 MPG, then the estimate starts going towards the 2-3 MPG difference point.
2. Your MPG will vary on a lot of variables, but the biggest factor is your speed and how hard you accelerate. If I drive 60 or 65 MPH on the highway (that is, with much more highway than city), and stick to gentle acceleration and speed on city streets, I will get 45 to 50 MPG. I don't think the EPA test cycle factors in driving above the speed limit, which is what 90% of us do. Going 70 or above will net you much worse MPG.
It's also hard to get good MPG if all you do is city driving, especially short trips. You will be spending a lot of time accelerating, and may not be able to use the regen brakes as much as you'd like. Also the engine will spend some time running harder to warm up initially, and maybe even charge your battery once in a while if you don't get enough regen braking in. All of this will contribute to worse MPG
3. The range estimate is also quite poor, and rarely have I seen a car that gets it right. Some people have suggested that if you drive the same way with the same MPG all the time, the range estimate will eventually adjust. This is not true based on my experience. Due to how I drive, I can usually hit a maximum range of about 570~ miles. I always hit 0 range when I have around 150 miles left to go.
4. The fuel gauge, just like the range estimate, is very conservative. Most manufacturers try to give you a little warning by showing you nearly out of gas early so you can still drive as you look for a gas station. Toyota/Lexus seems to go really far with this and give you a very early warning. My mechanic once told me American cars tend to tell you you're out of gas nearly right on the mark, while Japanese cars will do it much earlier, because Japanese manufacturers noticed American drivers push their gas tanks to the limit before refuelling. And so in an effort not to overload the fuel pump (which in many cars, gasoline is used as a cooling factor for the pump), the low fuel light comes on early so that the fuel pump will last. He told me that he almost never sees replacement fuel pumps for Toyotas/Lexus models. One of the many tricks that help maintain the Japanese car's reputation for reliability.
I can tell you that I have run out of gas once in my CT, and managed to limp to a gas station on battery power alone in EV mode. When I filled up, I got 11.6 gallons in the tank, I believe. In another fill up, I ran the car very close to empty, and was able to fill up 11.8 gallons. Very inconsistent and odd.
All of this seems to be pretty normal for most of us, so you have nothing to worry about. Once you find the difference in MPG in your car from reality, you can reset your Trip meter after a fill up, and use that, plus the MPG estimate, to figure out a much more accurate range estimate.